How to Incorporate Your Coven
in
the State of Florida
4/13/09
Who decides what is a religion in the United States of America? It's the Internal Revenue Service. Setting aside commentaries upon spirituality within our country, being recognized as a religious community means that you get to ordain your own clergy, avoid sales tax, and be taken more seriously by mundane organizations. Budget $200 for state and federal filing fees to fund this venture. The key to looking more like established groups, is to incorporate. Corporations are governed by state law. You do not have to be a lawyer to do this, but you must know something of the requirements for not-for-profit corporations. In Florida, these are defined in Chapter 617 of the Florida statutes. The state will insist that you include specific elements within your charter or "organizing document." See www.dos.state.fl.us/doc/index.html A corporation is expected to have a President, Secretary, Treasurer, and a Registered Agent. The President calls and presides at meetings and speaks for the corporation. The Secretary keeps records and the Treasurer manages the money. The Registered Agent is a person who keeps regular office hours upon whom subpoenas can be served. Once officially served, such legal notices can not be ignored. Thus you need a responsible person for registered agent. After that, you can have as many Vice Presidents, Assistant Secretaries and Assistant Treasurers as you like. A non-profit corporation must have a Board of Directors of three or more Directors. It's your directors who set policy. You determine whether your officers are also directors or not. The second entity to be reckoned with is the Internal Revenue Service. They will insist that you include specific provisions in your charter. You do not have to be an accountant, but you must understand the provisions in IRS Publication 1828 Tax Guide for Churches and Religious Organizations. There is also Publication 557 Tax-Exempt Status for Your Organization and Publication 517 Social Security and Other Information for Members of the Clergy & Religious Workers. See www.irs.ustreas.gov The third entity to be reckoned with is your own community. How will you work, play and fight together? You know more about this than any outside attorney or accountant. You will be welcoming people into your community, performing ordinations, performing ministries, and occasionally banishing people. How will you do this in a manner that your community will view as fair? After you jump through all these hoops and attain your Letter of Determination from the IRS that you are tax-exempt, you will have birthed a legal structure of some value. You will want to include provisions to make it difficult for someone else to snatch this corporation away from you. The IRS does not declare you to be tax-exempt. They recognize from your reported behavior that you are acting like an organization exempt from taxation. It's the old, "If you walk like a duck and quack like a duck, they write you a letter that says you are a duck." Your reported behavior is what you put in your application for a tax-exempt ruling, Package 1023, 501(c)(3) Kit. In this, you want to include everything you may ever do, because later the IRS looks for "unrelated business income and activities." Once they have signed off on your behavior, you are OK. You file your application after you have one calendar year of documented operations. You compile this data of finances and programs to demonstrate that you are doing what you say. Since you are the successor to an unincorporated association, you will include documentation of this history too. Your corporation is defined by a public document called a charter or articles of incorporation. These include the required elements of your corporation plus anything else you would not want to get lost. In Florida, this charter is recorded with the Secretary of State and is available for inspection by anyone. It costs money to file a charter and again if you amend it. Your corporation is further defined by a private document called bylaws. Here the details are stated of what is defined in the charter. You keep your bylaws to yourself, except from the IRA, banks, and others with whom you have a business relationship. Thus you want these documents to look as long-established, professional, formal, and normal as possible. You can amend your bylaws as often as you want and by the procedures you establish. It is possible than members could squabble over which set of bylaws is the most current. Keep good records. Once you have your charter filed with the Secretary of State, you can apply to the IRS for a Tax Identification Number, or TIN. This is a "social security number for corporations." It has nothing to do with your tax status. Every business entity with which you deal will want to know your tax number. Many organizations look to the IRS for initial screening of charities. If the IRS will not recognize you as a 501(c)(3) organization, they will not talk to you. Once you have received your Letter of Determination, you can apply to the Florida Department of Revenue for a Consumer's Certificate of Exemption from state sales tax by filing Form DR-5. This certificate comes with a number different from your TIN. To get it, a religious organization must hold a 501(c)(3) ruling and also document that they hold regular worship services in a physical location. See sun6.dms.state.fl.us/dor/ Linked here are a sample charter and bylaws. We do not give legal or accounting advice, and I recommend that you seek out competent guidance in these areas. We only report what has previously worked for us. It takes both "visionary" and "detail" talent to birth a religious corporation. One skill without the other will not be sufficient. Study these papers with an eye towards Good Witch/Bad Witch. How do you maintain a sense of fairness as you add or remove people from your council or membership? Who will vote to do what and how many must agree? Who can amend your bylaws, where you will define these rules? These are not simple questions. The meat of your corporation is in the Bylaws. But the Charter does define how you change your Bylaws, so you want changing the how-to-change to be very difficult. The next question is how many Bad Witches might appear on your Council to vote against the Good Witches, before you can toss them out. The equation can become rather subtle. There are many twists and turns in the creation of all this paper. Notice that the Council is the Inner Court and the members are the Outer Court. The concept of "Elder in Communion" creates a way to include others on a parallel and sympathetic path and to extend to them "marrying credentials." There are other side benefits such as options in the purchase of sacramental wine. This permit would be used through a distributor such as Southern Wine and Spirits for purchases by the case. Southern has rules like a $200 or five case minimum. Section 617.0834 of the 2007 Florida Statutes provides for the indemnification of officers, directors, employees and agents from liability for monetary damages to any person for any statement, vote, decision, or failure to take action within specified limits. The filing fees for all of this are $78.75 for the Florida Charter in 2006, $61.25 to renew the Florida corporation each year starting with 2007, and $300 to file the application for tax-exemption with the I.R.S. in 2007 after building a year of history. Every word counts. This is like painting a picture, weaving a tapestry, or casting a spell. Here is not a task to be left to clerks. |